Augustus Seymour Porter (January 18, 1798 – September 18, 1872) was a U.S. statesman from the state of Michigan.
He was born in Canandaigua, New York, the nephew of Peter Buell Porter and attended Canandaigua Academy. He graduated from Union College, in Schenectady, New York, in 1818, studied law and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Detroit, Michigan. He was treasurer of the Michigan Pioneer Society in 1837. He became the recorder of Detroit in 1830 and was mayor of Detroit from 1838–1839. He resigned as mayor to run for the Senate, and was succeeded as mayor by Asher B. Bates.
He was elected as a Whig to the United States Senate, and served from January 20, 1840 until March 3, 1845. He did not run for reelection in 1844. He was chairman of the Committee on Roads and Canals, 1841–1845, and was on the Committee on Enrolled Bills, 1841–1843.
He moved to his father’s residence in Niagara Falls, New York, in 1848 and died at there on September 18, 1872. He is interred in Oakwood Cemetery in Niagara Falls, New York.
References
Augustus Seymour Porter at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
The Political Graveyard
External links
Augustus Seymour Porter at Find a Grave
United States Senate
Preceded by Lucius Lyon
United States Senator (Class 1) from Michigan
1840–1845
Served alongside: John Norvell, William Woodbridge
Norvell • Woodbridge • Felch • Stuart • Bingham • Howard • Ferry • Palmer • McMillan • Alger • Smith • Newberry • Couzens • Brown • Ferguson • McNamara • Griffin • Levin
This article about a Michigan politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus_Seymour_Porter”
Categories: 1798 births | 1872 deaths | People from Ontario County, New York | Mayors of Detroit, Michigan | United States Senators from Michigan | Union College, New York alumni | People from Canandaigua, New York | People from Niagara Falls, New York | People from Niagara County, New York | People from Wayne County, Michigan | United States Whig Party | Michigan Whigs | Michigan politician stubs
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In functional analysis, two measures of non-compactness are commonly used; these associate numbers to sets in such a way that compact sets all get the measure 0, and other sets get measures that are bigger according to “how far” they are removed from compactness.
The underlying idea is the following: a bounded set can be covered by a single ball of some radius. Sometimes several balls of a smaller radius can also cover the set. A compact set in fact can be covered by finitely many balls of arbitrary small radius, because it is totally bounded. So one could ask: what is the smallest radius that allows to cover the set with finitely many balls?
Formally, we start with a metric spaceM and a subset X. The ball measure of non-compactness is defined as
and the Kuratowski measure of non-compactness is defined as
Since a ball of radius r has diameter at most 2r, we have ?(X) ? ?(X) ? 2?(X).
The two measures ? and ? share many properties, and we will use ? in the sequel to denote either one of them. Here is a collection of facts:
X is bounded if and only if ?(X) < ?.
?(X) = ?(Xcl), where Xcl denotes the closure of X.
If X is compact, then ?(X) = 0. Conversely, if ?(X) = 0 and X is complete, then X is compact.
?(X ? Y) = max(?(X), ?(Y)) for any two subsets X and Y.
? is continuous with respect to the Hausdorff distance of sets.
Measures of non-compactness are most commonly used if M is a normed vector space. In this case, we have in addition:
?(aX) = |a| ?(X) for any scalar a
?(X + Y) ? ?(X) + ?(Y)
?(conv(X)) = ?(X), where conv(X) denotes the convex hull of X
Note that these measures of non-compactness are useless for subsets of Euclidean space Rn: by the Heine-Borel theorem, every bounded closed set is compact there, which means that ?(X) = 0 or ? according to whether X is bounded or not.
Measures of non-compactness are however useful in the study of infinite-dimensional Banach spaces, for example. In this context, one can prove that any ball B of radius r has ?(B) = r and ?(B) = 2r.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measure_of_non-compactness”
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Anton Bruckner’s Study Symphony in F minor, (Studiensymphonie), or simply Symphony in F minor, WAB 99, was written in 1863 as an exercise under Otto Kitzler’s instruction in form and orchestration. Scholars at first believed that the next symphony Bruckner wrote was Symphony No. 0 in D minor, thus this symphony is sometimes called Symphony No. 00 in F minor. In any case, musicologists are sure now that the next symphony Bruckner wrote after this one was Symphony No. 1 in C minor. It was not played in Bruckner’s lifetime, receiving its first performance at Klosterneuburg in 1924. The Study Symphony is available in an edition by Leopold Nowak published in 1973. Together with the Linz version of Symphony No. 1, the Study Symphony was not written in Vienna like all Bruckner’s other symphonies.
Contents
1Movements
2Criticism
3Discography
4References
5External links
Movements
Scored for 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets in B-flat, 2 bassoons, 4 horns (2 in F, 2 in B-flat), 2 trumpets in F, alto, tenor and bass trombones, timpani and strings (basically just a tuba short of the scoring for symphonies 0 - 6), it is in four movements:
Allegro molto vivace, cut time
Andante molto, 4/4, E-flat major
Scherzo, Schnell, 3/4, C minor, with Trio, Langsamer, in A-flat major
Allegro, cut time, F minor to F major
Criticism
Otto Kitzler did not consider this symphony to be particularly inspired, leading Georg Tintner to “wonder whether he had a good look at the Scherzo.” Tintner considers the Finale of the work to be the weakest of the four movements.
Bruckner himself labelled it “Schularbeit.” Biographer Derek Watson says that compared to the Overture in G minor, the F minor Symphony “is certainly thematically uninspired and less characterful,” but that it does have “some moments of warm melodiousness and consistently fine if unoriginal scoring.” Also, the score is quite lacking in dynamics and phrasing marks compared to Bruckner’s later works.
On the other hand, taken on its own, it is a beautiful symphony, reminiscent of Schumann, Schubert, Weber and Mendelssohn, but also including some daring, highly inspired passages.
Discography
The first commercial recording, and apparently the first modern performance, was made by Elyakum Shapirra with the London Symphony Orchestra for EMI in 1972. The first recording available on compact disc, was by Eliahu Inbal and the Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra on the Teldec label in 1991. Lasting 47 minutes, his recording appears slow compared to Georg Tintner’s 37-minute recording with the Royal Scottish National Orchestra on Naxos (which is padded with the “Volkfest” Finale of Symphony No. 4 in E-flat major). Tintner skips the exposition repeats in the first and fourth movements, and occasionally dials down brass dynamics. Stanis?aw Skrowaczewski’s 2001 recording with the Saarbrücken Radio Symphony Orchestra on Arte Nova/Oehms Classics last 36 minutes.
The scherzo has been transcribed for organ and is available on a Novalis CD.
References
^ p. 151 (2002) Brown
^ p. 104 (2000) Kinder
^ p. 151 (2002) Brown
^ p. 151 (2002) Brown
^ p. 151 (2002) Brown
^ p. 151 (2002) Brown
^ p. (1973) Nowak
^ p. ? (1977 or 1996) Watson
^ p. (1973) Nowak
^ p. 70 (1991) Lovallo
^ p. 70 (1991) Lovallo
Brown (2002) A. Peter. Indianapolis The second golden age of the Viennese symphony: Brahms, Bruckner, Dvo?ák, Mahler, and selected contemporaries Indiana University Press
Hawkshaw (1997) Paul. “An anatomy of change: Anton Bruckner’s Revisions to the Mass in F minor” Cambridge. Bruckner Studies edited by Timothy L. Jackson and Paul Hawkshaw. Cambridge University Press
Hawkshaw (2004) Paul. “Bruckner’s large sacred compositions” Cambridge. The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner edited by Williamson, John. Cambridge University Press
Kinder (2000) Keith William. Westport, Connecticut. The Wind and Wind-Chorus Music of Anton Bruckner Greenwood Press
Jackson (1997) Timothy. August “Bruckner’s ‘Oktaven’” No. 3 Music & Letters Vol. 78
Lovallo (1991) Lee T. “Mass no. 3 in f minor” New York. Anton Bruckner: a Discography Rowman & Littlefield
Nowak (1960) Leopold. “Preface” Vienna Anton Bruckner: Sämtliche Werke: Band 10: Studiensymphonie F-Moll: Studienpartitur Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft. Rickett (translator) Richard
Schönzeler (1978) Hans-Hubert. London. Bruckner Marion Boyars
Simpson (1967) Robert. London. The Essence of Bruckner: An essay towards the understanding of his music Victor Gollancz Ltd
Watson (1975) Derek. London. Bruckner J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd
External links
Complete discography
v•d•e
Symphonies by Anton Bruckner
Study Symphony in F minor·No. 1 in C minor ·No. 0 in D minor ·No. 2 in C minor ·No. 3 in D minor ·No. 4 in E flat major (Romantic) ·No. 5 in B flat major ·No. 6 in A major ·No. 7 in E major ·No. 8 in C minor ·No. 9 in D minor
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Study_Symphony”
Categories: Symphonies by Anton BrucknerHidden categories: Wikipedia articles needing page number citations
Yaxley is a village in the county of Cambridgeshire, England. Historically in Huntingdonshire, it is due south of the city of Peterborough, and is skirted to its west by the A15 road. The village is located near the Hampton township, and is approximately three miles north-east of junction 16 of the A1(M) at Norman Cross.
Contents
1Yaxley Cycleway
2Famous residents
3See also
4External links
5References
Yaxley Cycleway
Cambridgeshire County Council has proposed a cycleway to be built in Yaxley, as per its 1999 Transport Plan. The scheme’s original development will be contained within Yaxley, though it is planned to expand it in two phases following the completion of the Yaxley section; phase 2 will run along Broadway to Farcet, phase 3 will run from where Daimler Avenue meets Broadway to the A15.
Famous residents
Warwick Davis (Actor - appeared in Willow, Star Wars and Harry Potter)
See also
Yaxley F.C.
External links
Yaxley Community website
Parish council website
References
^“Yaxley to Farcet”. http://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/transport/projects/huntingdonshire/Yaxley/. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
The First Council of Toledo was held in Toledo, Spain, in 400. Its primary purpose was to condemn the Priscillian heresy and uphold the Nicene Creed. It would be another 127 years before a council met again in Toledo. Known attendees include Lampius, bishop of Barcelona.
Notes
^ Documento sin título
Sources
Thompson, E. A. The Goths in Spain. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969.
Concilium Toletanum primum, minutes from the Collectio Hispana Gallica Augustodunensis (Vat. lat. 1341)
Councils of Toledo
I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | X | XI | XII | XIII | XIV | XV | XVI | XVII | XVIII
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Toledo”
Categories: Councils of Toledo | 400 | 5th-century Christian church councils
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A character (from the Greek ???????? “engraved or stamped mark (on coins or seals), branding mark, symbol”) may refer to any sign or symbol.
Contents
1History
2Grapheme
3Esotericism and magic
4Semiotics and epistemology
5Personality
6References
7See also
History
Greek ???????? is a nomen agentis of a verb ??????? with a meaning “to sharpen, to whet”, and also “to engrave, to carve”, from a PIE root *g’?er- “cut” also continued in Irish gearr and English gash, which is an early loan ultimately from the same Greek root.
A ???????? is thus an “engraver”, originally in the sense of a craftsman, but then also used for a tool used for engraving, and for a stamp for minting coins. From the stamp, the meaning was extended to the stamp impression, Plato using the noun in the sense of “engraved mark”. In Plutarch, the word could refer to a figure or letter, Lucian uses it of hieroglyphs as opposed to Greek grammata (Herm. 44)
Metaphorically, it could refer to a distinctive mark, Herodotus (1.57) using it of a particular dialect, or (1.116) of a characteristic mark of an individual. The collective noun ?????????????? “characteristics” appears later, in Dionysius Halicarnassensis.
Via Latin charact?r, Old French caracter, the word passed into Middle English as caracter in the 14th century. Wycliffe (1382) has To haue a caracter in her forhedis (Revelation 13:16) for the mark of the beast (translating ??????? “imprinted or branded mark”).
Grapheme
The word was used in the sense of letter or grapheme by William Caxton, referring to the Phoenician alphabet, The Fenyces were the fyrst inuentours of caracteris dyfferencing that one fro that other, of whiche were fourmed lettres for to write (Eneydos 6.25). As in Greek, the word was used especially for foreign or mysterious graphemes, such as Chinese Syriac or Runic ones, as opposed to the familiar letters; in particular of shorthand (in David Copperfield (chapter 38) sarcastically of shorthand, “a procession of new horrors, called arbitrary characters; the most despotic characters I have ever known”), and since 1949 in computing (see character (computing).
As a collective noun, the word can refer to writing or printing in general (Shakespeare’s sonnet nr. 59: Since minde at first in carrecter was done, viz. “since thought was first put in writing”).
Esotericism and magic
Further information: Diabolical signature
The word in Renaissance magic came to refer to any astrological, cabbalistic or magical sign or symbol. Related is the Sacramental character of Catholic doctrine. Famously, John Dee designed his Monas Hieroglyphica in 1564.
In the 19th century, this sense of the word appears mainly in Romantic poetry, such as Sir Walter Scott’s Lay of the last minstrel (1805), where “A hallow’d taper shed a glimmering light / On mystic implements of magic might; On cross, and character, and talisman,” (6.17).
Semiotics and epistemology
Further information: sign (semiotics)
From the esoteric or mystical meanings, Early Modern learned authors abstracted a notion of Character as a code or hierarchical system that embodied all knowledge or all of reality, or a written representation of a philosophical language that would recover the “true names” lost in the confusion of tongues.
This idea had currency as a kind of epistemological philosophers’ stone for about a century, from the mid 17th century, with Francis Lodwick (1642) and John Wilkins’s Essay towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language (1668), to the later 18th century and the Encyclopédie where in a long entry under the heading Charactère, D’Alembert critically reviewed such projects of the past century.
Personality
From the 17th century, the term refers to a persona in a theatrical play, and from the 18th century, to a personality or individual, considered as possessor of a certain role or certain faculties, often slightly derogatory (”quite a character”), and hence an individual’s peculiar traits, a personal “character” or character structure (moral character).
“Characters” is also a term for a literary genre describing such personal traits; notable examples areThe Characters of Theophrastus, of La Bruyere, and in English, of Joseph Hall (1574-1656) and Sir Thomas Overbury.
References
OED
LSJ
See also
Look up character in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Glyph
Hieroglyph
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_(symbol)”
Categories: Etymologies | Greek loanwords | SemioticsHidden categories: Articles containing Ancient Greek language text | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from February 2008 | Articles containing Latin language text | Articles containing French language text | Articles containing non-English language text
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Developer(s)
The OpenSync Project
Stable release
0.39 / 21 September 2009
Operating system
Cross-platform
Type
Synchronization
License
GNU Lesser General Public License
Website
http://opensync.org
OpenSync is a software library framework used for synchronization of PIM data (contacts, calendar, tasks and notes) between personal computers and mobile devices. It is derived from MultiSync. OpenSync is plugin based and its product-specific plugins allow support for a wide variety of different synchronization endpoints (PIM applications, mobile phones, personal digital assistants, groupware servers, and LDAP directories). Its design and implementation would allow other synchronization uses as well.
OpenSync has been selected to be KDE’s main synchronization framework. It is cross-platform software that can be run on Microsoft Windows and various Unix-like systems, including Linux and Mac OS X.
OpenSync is free and open source software, released under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
Contents
1Features
2Architecture
2.1Virtual formats
2.2Capabilities
2.3Merger
3Supported platforms
4Supported devices
4.1Motorola
4.2Nokia
4.3Sony Ericsson
5User interfaces
5.1Msynctool
5.2Mototool
5.3KitchenSync
5.4Gnome-Sync
6Plugins
7Current status
7.1Shortcomings
8See also
9References
10External links
Features
OpenSync has an ambitious goal to solve all possible PIM synchronization needs. Regardless of its current shortcomings, its feature list is extensive:
Cross-platform software, implemented in C
Plugin based
Uses threads
Two or more members in one synchronization (group)
Capabilities detection
Object merger
Object type filtering
Supported formats are defined in external XML file
Multiple graphical user interfaces for different environments
(Note: vEvent 1.0 is the same as vCalendar 1.0, and vEvent 2.0 is the same as vCalendar 2.0 or iCalendar, which all are supported as well.)
OpenSync synchronization takes place in groups which can have two or more different type of members supporting different set of object attributes. Development version also has a sync engine that is able to merge attributes from same object changed on different endpoints.
Architecture
Virtual formats
Before synchronizing anything, OpenSync converts data coming from members into internal XML-based formats, which are:
xmlformat-contact
xmlformat-event
xmlformat-note
xmlformat-todo
This conversion is implemented in VFormat plugin. Format descriptions are in XML format, allowing more frequent updates to those without modifying and recompiling the actual program code.
Capabilities
OpenSync is able to automatically configure some products for synchronized attribute settings (for supported attributes and data formats).
Merger
OpenSync is able to merge different attribute changes of same object since last synchronization between different group members. This reduces significantly manual conflict resolutions and user attention to actual synchronization process.
Supported platforms
Since OpenSync is written in the C programming language and libraries it uses are openly available, it can be compiled to almost any platform where C compiler is available. Currently known working platforms are:
Linux i386 and x86_64
Sun Solaris Sparc, i386, x86_64
FreeBSD, i386, x86_64
Microsoft Windows (only file plugin is usable) i386, x86_64
Supported devices
Support is based on general features and may vary depending on features of particular device, OpenSync bugs, or connection method used (Bluetooth, USB, IRDA).
Motorola
The Motorola plugin is written in Python.
Nokia
Generally, devices supporting SyncML 1.1 or 1.2 over Bluetooth, USB, or IP-protocol are supported. Nokia 770, N800, and N810 Internet Tablets using GPE suite are supported.
Sony Ericsson
Sony Ericsson devices supporting SyncML or IrMC.
User interfaces
Msynctool
Msynctool is the command-line interface that comes with OpenSync. Its name comes from the term “MultiSync”, but it has been decided to be change the name to something closer to the project name. Msynctool supports all features that OpenSync itself supports, and is thus considered to be the reference user interface.
Mototool
Mototool is the command-line interface for Motorola’s devices, and is also written in Python.
KitchenSync
KitchenSync
KitchenSync is the GUI frontend for the K Desktop Environment. It synchronizes KDE PIM-suite applications like Kaddressbook (contacts), KOrganizer (calendar), and Knotes (notes). Mail synchronization is not supported. In future versions KitchenSync will be ported to KDE Akonadi. KitchenSync is written with C++-language, Qt- and KDE toolkits.
KDE PIM applications can also be combined into Kontact framework, where they appear as a single application with tighter integration. As applications are the same, Kontact is also a supported application.
Gnome-Sync
Gnome-Sync was a GUI frontend for GNOME desktop environment, now discontinued. It was written in C and used the GTK+ toolkit.
Plugins
Some of the plugins available for OpenSync are:
vformat — Internal virtual format
python — Python programming language API
file — File plugin syncing vcard, vevent and vnote files in directory
jescs — Sun Java Enterprise System Calendar Server (JESCS)
sunbird — Mozilla Sunbird
opie — Open Palmtop Integrated Environment (OPIE)
Current status
OpenSync is under active development. The latest stable release is 0.22, and as the codebase will be its last 0.2x release (although some fixes have been added). Main development efforts now focus on the current versions. Development versions (0.31 through 0.39) have gone through major architectural changes including capabilities and merging support.
Shortcomings
These are current challenges that developers are aware of and trying to address in the future releases.
Older versions do not work in many cases.
Due to recent heavy modifications and rare releases, compiling it manually is currently recommended.
Most platforms ship the latest releases, which are laborious to compile manually.
Configuring current versions is difficult for normal users.
Lack of a Microsoft Windows PIM-suite plugin limits the community.
SyncML support is only for servers.
The architecture is not very suitable for binary data synchronization (music, pictures, etc.).
See also
Free software portal
LibSyncML
LibWBXML
Funambol
Nokia PC Suite
Intellisync
iSync
SyncMate
ActiveSync
HotSync
Kdepim
References
^
External links
OpenSync homepage
LibSyncML homepage
LibWBXML homepage
MultiSync homepage
SynCE homepage
IrMC info
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSync_(software)”
Categories: Mobile phone management software | Data synchronization | Personal information managersHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from March 2009 | All articles needing additional references | Wikipedia articles in need of updating | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from April 2008
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Dew is water in the form of droplets that appears on thin, exposed objects in the morning or evening. As the exposed surface cools by radiating its heat, atmospheric moisture condenses at a rate greater than that at which it can evaporate, resulting in the formation of water droplets.
When temperatures are low enough, dew takes the form of ice; this form is called frost.
Because dew is related to the temperature of surfaces, in late summer it is formed most easily on surfaces which are not warmed by conducted heat from deep ground, such as: grass, leaves, railings, car roofs, and bridges.
Dew should not be confused with guttation, which is the process by which plants release excess water from the tips of their leaves.
Contents
1Formation
2Occurrence
3Measurement
4Significance
5Artificial harvesting
6References
7External links
Formation
Water will condense into droplets depending on the temperature. The temperature at which droplets can form is called the Dew Point. When surface temperature drops, eventually reaching the dew point, atmospheric water vapor condenses to form small droplets on the surface. This process distinguishes dew from those hydrometeors (meteorological occurrences of water) which are formed directly in air cooling to its dew point (typically around condensation nuclei) such as fog or clouds. The thermodynamic principles of formation, however, are virtually the same.
Occurrence
Sufficient cooling of the surface typically takes place when it loses more energy by infrared radiation than it receives as solar radiation from the sun, which is especially the case on clear nights. As another important point, poor thermal conductivity restricts the replacement of such losses from deeper ground layers which are typically warmer at night. Preferred objects of dew formation are thus poor conducting or well isolated from the ground, and non-metallic or coated as shiny metal surfaces are poor infrared radiators. Preferred weather conditions include the absence of clouds and little water vapor in the higher atmosphere to minimize greenhouse effects and sufficient humidity of the air near the ground. Typical dew nights are classically considered to be calm because the wind transports (nocturnally) warmer air from higher levels to the cold surface. But, if the atmosphere is the major source of moisture (this part of dew is called dewfall), a certain amount of ventilation is needed to replace the vapor that is already condensed. The highest optimum wind speeds could be found on arid islands. If the wet soil beneath is the major source of vapor, however (this part of dew is called distillation), wind always seems to be adverse.
The principles of dew formation do not strictly constrict its occurrence to the night and the outdoors. They are also working when eyeglasses get steamy in a warm, wet room or in industrial processes. However, the term condensation is preferred in these cases.
Measurement
A classical device for dew measurement is the drosometer. A small, artificial condenser surface is suspended from an arm attached to a pointer or a pen that records the weight changes of the condenser on a drum. Besides being very wind sensitive, however, this, like all artificial surface devices, only provides a measure of the meteorological potential for dew formation. The actual amount of dew in a specific place is strongly dependent on surface properties. For its measurement, plants, leaves, or whole soil columns are placed on a balance with their surface at the same height and in the same surroundings as would occur naturally, thus providing a small lysimeter. Further methods include estimation by means of comparing the droplets to standardized photographs, or volumetric measurement of the amount of water wiped from the surface. It has to be kept in mind that some of these methods include guttation, while others only measure dewfall and/or distillation.
Significance
Due to its dependence on radiation balance, dew amounts can reach a theoretical maximum of about 0.8 mm per night, measured values, however, rarely exceeding 0.5 mm. In most climates of the world, the annual average is too small to compete with rain. In regions with considerable dry seasons, adapted plants like lichen or pine seedlings benefit from dew. Large-scale, natural irrigation without rainfall, such as in the Atacama Desert and Namib desert, however, is mostly attributed to fog water.
Another effect of dew on plants is its role as a habitat for pathogens such as the fungus Phytophthora infestans which infects potato plants.
In Greek mythology, Ersa is the goddess of dew.
Dew, known in Hebrew as ?? (tal), is very important in the Jewish religion for agricultural and theological purposes. On the first day of Passover, the Chazan, dressed in a white kittel, leads a service in which he prays for dew between that point and Sukkot. During the rainy season between December and Passover there are also additions in the Amidah for blessed dew to come together with rain. There are many midrashim that refer to dew as being the tool for ultimate resurrection.
In the Biblical Old Testament dew is used symbolically in Deuteronomy 32:3: “My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distill as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the showers upon the grass:”
Artificial harvesting
Main article: Air well (condenser)
Several man-made devices such as antique, big stone piles in Ukraine, medieval “dew ponds” in southern England, or volcanic stone covers on the fields of Lanzarote have been thought to be dew-catching devices, but could be shown to work on other principles. At present, the International Organisation for Dew Utilization is working on effective, foil-based condensers for regions where rain or fog cannot cover water needs throughout the year.
Large scale dew harvesting systems have been made by Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIMA) with the participation of the International Organisation for Dew Utilization (OPUR) at coastal semi arid region Kutch. These condensers can harvest more than 200 litres (on average) of dew water per night for about 90 nights in the dew season October-May. The research lab of IIMA has shown that dew can serve as a supplementary source of water in coastal arid areas.
Ingela ‘Pling’ Forsman, born 26 August 1950 in Essinge, Sweden, is a Swedish lyricist in popular music. Between 1981 and 2009, 33 of her songs have competed in the Swedish Melodifestivalen, three of them winners: Bra vibrationer (1985), Se på mej (1995) and Kärleken är (1998). She has also written the text to psalm number 862 in the Swedish hymn book, Blomningstid, and two children’s books.
Her older sister first called her ‘Pling’, and she is now commonly referred to as ‘Pling Forsman’.
Her first public performance was on the Swedish children’s radio show Barnens Brevlåda in 1954.
Songs in Melodifestivalen written by Ingela Forsman
1981 - Men natten är vår - placed 5th
1983 - Bara en enda gång - placed 5th
1984
Kall som is - placed 4th
Tjuvarnas natt - shared 5th place
1985
Bra vibrationer - winner for Kikki Danielsson
1 + 1 = 2 - eliminated in first voting round
Jag vet hur det känns - placed 5th
1986 - ABCD - eliminated
1987
När morgonstjärnan brinner - placed 3rd
Det finns en morgondag - eliminated
1988
Nästa weekend - eliminated
Om igen - placed 2nd
1989
Du (öppnar min värld) - placed 4th
Nattens drottning - shared 5th place
1993 - Närmare dig - unplaced
1995 - Se på mej - winner
1998 - Kärleken är - winner
2000 - När jag tänker på imorgon - shared 2nd place
2001 - Ingemansland - placed 4th
2004
Min kärlek - placed 2nd
Efharisto - eliminated in second chance round
2005 - Håll om mig - placed 2nd
2006
Etymon - eliminated in semifinal
En droppe regn - eliminated in the second chance round
Jag ljuger så bra - placed 7th
2007 - Jag måste kyssa dig - eliminated in the second chance round
2008:
I Love Europe - placed 9th
Den första svalan - eliminated in the semifinals
Jag saknar dig ibland - eliminated in the semifinals
2009:
Så vill stjärnorna - finalist
Med hjärtat fyllt av ljus - eliminated in the semifinals
Jag tror på oss - eliminated in the semifinals
Du är älskad där du går - eliminated in the semifinals
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This page was last modified on 27 December 2009 at 22:08.
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